Which muscle is affected first in thyroid eye disease?

Study for the KMK Mnemonics Test. Study with flashcards and multiple choice questions, each question has hints and explanations. Get ready for your exam!

In thyroid eye disease, also known as Graves' ophthalmopathy, the inferior rectus muscle is typically affected first. This condition is characterized by inflammation and swelling of the extraocular muscles due to autoimmune activity associated with hyperthyroidism.

The reason the inferior rectus muscle is often the first to be involved is related to its anatomical position and function. The inferior rectus muscle primarily controls the downward movement of the eye. In thyroid eye disease, the muscle fibers become swollen and may undergo fatty infiltration. This leads to a restriction in eye movement, which can cause diplopia (double vision) and other visual disturbances.

Additionally, it's important to note that as the disease progresses, other extraocular muscles, including the medial, superior, and lateral rectus muscles, may also become affected. However, the initial involvement of the inferior rectus is consistent with clinical observations in patients with thyroid eye disease.

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