Which layer of the skin lies directly above the dermis?

The layer of the skin that lies directly above the dermis is the stratum basale, also known as the basal layer. This layer is significant because it is the deepest part of the epidermis and is responsible for the production of new skin cells. The cells in the stratum basale constantly divide and push older cells upward, where they then begin their journey through the other layers of the epidermis.

The stratum basale plays a crucial role in skin regeneration and maintenance. It contains melanocytes, which produce the pigment melanin, and Merkel cells, which are involved in the sensation of touch. This foundational layer not only supports the structure of the skin but also contributes to pigmentation and sensory functions.

In contrast, the other layers mentioned are situated above the stratum basale and serve different purposes in the overall architecture and function of the skin. For instance, the stratum corneum is the outermost layer that provides a protective barrier, while the stratum spinosum and the stratum granulosum are involved in the differentiation and maturation of skin cells.