Which cranial nerve is classified as sensory?

The optic nerve is classified as a sensory cranial nerve because it is primarily responsible for vision. It transmits visual information from the retina of the eye directly to the brain, allowing us to perceive and process visual stimuli. Sensory nerves are characterized by their role in transmitting sensory information to the central nervous system, and the optic nerve’s function aligns perfectly with this definition as it is crucial for visual perception.

In contrast, the oculomotor and abducens nerves primarily contribute to the movement of the eye. The trigeminal nerve, while it has sensory components, also has significant motor functions related to chewing. By focusing on the optic nerve's exclusive role in sensory perception related to vision, it becomes clear why it is classified as a sensory cranial nerve.