What type of beta-blocker is NOT effective at lowering intraocular pressure (IOP)?

Betaxolol is a selective beta-1 adrenergic receptor blocker that is primarily used in the treatment of hypertension and certain heart conditions. While it does have some application in the management of ocular hypertension and glaucoma, its effectiveness in lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) is not as pronounced as that of non-selective beta-blockers like Timolol. Non-selective beta-blockers are effective in reducing IOP by decreasing the production of aqueous humor in the eye.

In the context of this question, the primary reason betaxolol is noted as NOT being effective at lowering IOP compared to the others is due to its selective nature. While it still offers benefits in certain clinical scenarios, its mechanism does not translate into significant IOP reduction, which is a primary goal in treating conditions such as glaucoma. The other beta-blockers listed are known to effectively lower IOP due to their broader mechanism of action.